Accueil » Numéros » 2014/1 (Vol. 15) – Figures de l’entrepreneur » The foundations of the theory of entrepreneurship in austrian economics – Menger and Böhm-Bawerk on the entrepreneur

The foundations of the theory of entrepreneurship in austrian economics – Menger and Böhm-Bawerk on the entrepreneur

Gilles Campagnolo et Christel Vivel

Résumé

Les pères de l’école connue sous le nom d’ « École autrichienne d’économie », Carl Menger (1840-1921) et son premier disciple Eugen von Böhm-Bawerk (1851-1914), ont analysé les pratiques d’affaires et la nature des activités de l’entrepreneur au-delà de ce qui se faisait en leur temps au sein de l’école historique allemande. Ont-ils pour autant déjà donné une « théorie de l’entrepreneur » en tant que telle, et le pouvaient-ils ? Toujours est-il qu’émergent dans leurs œuvres les éléments d’analyse d’un intérêt neuf pour des aspects de l’entreprise et la nature du système de production capitaliste dont l’impact allait se faire sentir de la société de leurs contemporains et chez leurs héritiers (comme Israel Kirzner) jusqu’à nos jours.

Plan

  • Early ‛austrian’ theory of entrepreneurship
  • 2 -Menger on the theory of entrepreneurship
    • 2.1 -Short reminders on how the founder of the Austrian School saw entrepreneurship
    • 2.2 -The process of transforming goods and the issue of profit not remunerating risk
    • 2.3 -The functions of entrepreneurial activity (Unternehmerthätigkeit)
    • 2.4 -“A category of labor services”, profit and prices in approaching entrepreneurship
  • 3 -Böhm-Bawerk’s analysis
    • 3.1 -Böhm-Bawerk on time and uncertainty relating to entrepreneurship
    • 3.2 -The theory of goods and the role of time within production
    • 3.3 -The distinction of the entrepreneurial profit and the interest of capital
  • 4 -Political implication and recommendations relating to views on entrepreneurship
    • 4.1 -The entrepreneurial factor and the “Menger brothers”
    • 4.2 -Spreading “liberal” ideas in the most ancient empire of Central Europe
    • 4.3 -Böhm-Bawerk’s active service
    • Conclusion

Article

[L’article peut être lu en intégralité sur Cairn]

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