Sommaire
Résumé
Les questions d’échelle ont donné lieu à une large réflexion s’agissant de la modélisation et de l’expérimentation des systèmes physiques, mais elles n’ont pas été discutées dans le cadre des expériences économiques. Dans cet article, on distingue deux sortes d’expériences, les expériences « génériques » et « spécifiques ». Développant une comparaison entre deux études expérimentales en laboratoire portant sur l’« effet des prix postés », on montre que les questions d’échelle deviennent importantes dans les expériences spécifiques en raison de la réduction aux dimensions du laboratoire de l’échelle de temps propre au marché cible. Cela impose des choix dans la configuration matérielle de l’expérience comme des changements de rôle pour les sujets expérimentaux. Notre discussion, donc, s’inscrit au sein de la littérature récente sur la validité externe et la matérialité des expériences.
Classification JEL : B41, C90, L92, L98
Plan
- Introduction
- Experimentally establishing the “posted price effect”
- The dry barge industry paper of hong and plott
- Scaling down the dry barge market to the laboratory
- The target market of the experiment
- Supply and demand in the target and experimental market
- Experiment design
- Scaling up
- Role playing by subjects and things
- Concrete experiments and experiments on physical models
- The materiality of experiments
Article
[L’article peut être lu en intégralité sur Cairn]
Bibliographie
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Mots-clés
Expériences économiques en laboratoire, Modèles d’échelle physique, Effet de prix postés, Marché du transport fluvial, Institutions de tarification